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The pilgrimage of Hajj to Makkah (Saudi Arabia) is the fifth pillar of Islam. It needs to be performed at least once in one's lifetime. This pillar is obligatory for every Muslim, male or female, provided that he/she is physically and financially able to do so.
Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him) said: “I heard the Prophet (P.B.U.H.) say: ‘Whoever does Hajj for the sake of Allah and does not have sexual relations (with his wife), commit sin, or dispute unjustly (during the Hajj), will come back like the day his mother gave birth to him.’” (Bukhaari: 1449, Muslim: 1350).
The Hajj is the ultimate form of worship, as it involves the spirit of all the other rituals and demands great sacrifice of a believer. On this special occasion, up to 4 million Muslims from all over the world meet one another in a given year. Regardless of the time of year, pilgrims wear special clothes called the Ihram - two, very simple, unsown white garments - which strips away all distinctions of wealth, status, class and culture; all pilgrims stand together and equal before Allah (SWT).
The rites of Hajj, which go back to the time of Prophet Abraham who built the Ka'bah, are observed over five or six days, beginning on the eighth day of the last month of the year, named Dhul-Hijjah (pilgrimage). These rites include circumambulating the Ka'bah (Tawaf), and going back and forth between the mountains of Safa and Marwah, as Hajar (Abraham's wife) did during her search for water for her son Isma'il. Then the pilgrims stand together on the wide plain of Arafah and join in prayers asking for God's mercy and forgiveness, in what is often thought of as a preview of the Last day of Judgment. The pilgrims also cast stones at a stone pillar (the Jamarat) which represents Satan. The pilgrimage ends with a festival, called Eid Al-Adha, which is celebrated with prayers, the sacrifice of an animal, and the exchange of greetings and gifts in Muslim communities all over the world.
The first condition before being able to go on Hajj is that it is necessary to be a Muslim. Non-Muslims are, first and foremost, obliged to become Muslims after which the daily, monthly, yearly and once in a lifetime duties of Islam become requirements upon them. Hajj is a religious duty which must be accompanied by the correct belief in order for it to be accepted by Allah (SWT).
The second and third conditions are those of sanity and puberty. A Muslim has to have reached puberty and be of sound mind for his or her Hajj to become a duty. Divine rewards and punishments are given as a result of human a choice between good and evil. Since a child or an insane person lack the ability to distinguish between good and evil, no religious duties are required of them. This principle of non-obligation is based on the following Hadith in which the Prophet (was reported to have said: "The pen is raised from (the book of deeds) of three: the sleeper until he awakes, the child until he becomes a young man, and the insane until he regains his sanity."
However, those who help such individuals perform Hajj are rewarded for their efforts. When the Prophet (peace be upon him) was asked by a woman about her child making Hajj, he replied that the child could, but the reward would be given to her. Hence the insane individual who made Hajj while in a state of insanity is still required to make Hajj if he regains his sanity. Likewise, children who make Hajj are required to do so again when they grow up. The Prophet (peace be upon him) said, "Any child who makes Hajj then reaches puberty must make another Hajj."
The fourth condition is that of ability based on the following Quranic verse:
And, pilgrimage to the House is duty on mankind to Allah for those who can find a way there.
[Noble Quran 3:97]
Similar statements of the Prophet (peace be upon him) define ability as being sufficient provisions and transportation. Hence, a Muslim has to be economically able to make the trip. If he has to borrow the money to make the journey, Hajj is not compulsory on him. In the case when one's family is left in debt or with insufficient funds, it is recommended that such an individual stay home until he is financially able. Muslims with physical disabilities are also not obliged to make Hajj unless they have the economic ability to pay others to carry them. Therefore, only those who are economically and physically able to perform the testing rites of Hajj are obliged to do so.
The fifth condition is that of a Mahram, this concerns women only and could be included under the condition of ability. Since the Prophet (peace be upon him) forbade women from traveling for a distance requiring more than twenty-four hours unaccompanied by a male relative whom she cannot marry (Mahram),women are not obliged to make Hajj unless they have a Mahram to accompany them. Thus, a woman without a Mahram is recommended not to try to make Hajj. However, if the woman has the means and the Mahram, she is obliged to do so. Ayshah asked the Prophet (peace be upon him): "O, Messenger of Allah, are women obliged to make Jihad (holy war)?" he replied, "They must make Jihad in which there is no fighting - Hajj and ‘Umrah."
There are different ways the Hajj pilgrimage to Makkah can be performed and the regulations governing its rites differ according to where the pilgrim lives or whether he intends to perform 'Umrah along with Hajj or whether he wants to offer an animal sacrifice or not. These types of Hajj have been traditionally grouped into three categories or types of Hajj: Hajj Ifrad, Hajj Qiran and Hajj Tamattu'. By performing any one of these three methods and abiding by their regulations without doing any actions which may invalidate the Hajj, will be sufficient to fulfill the compulsory Islamic requirement of a Hajj. The three permissible kinds of Hajj with their rules and regulations governing them are as follows:
DEFINITION
1) IFRAD
Isolated Hajj: The pilgrim performing it is called Mufrid. This type is allowed only for those living within the boundaries (Miqat) from which Ihram is put on.
2) QIRAN
Accompanied Hajj: The pilgrim performing it is called Qarin. It can only be done by those living outside the Miqat. "This concession is only for those whose homes are not near the sacred Mosque." [Noble Quran 2:196]
3) TAMATU
Enjoyable Hajj: The pilgrim performing it is called Mutamatti'. It can only to be done by those living outside the Miqat.
IHRAAM
1) IFRAD
A pilgrim is required to enter the state of Ihram with the intention of doing Hajj only.
2) QIRAN
This is Hajj combined with 'Umrah without coming out of Ihram. The Qarin should enter the state of Ihram with the intention of performing 'Umrah and Hajj together. The Qarin is not allowed to come out of the Ihram no matter how long the period between his 'Umrah and Hajj may be.
3) TAMATU
'Umrah is combined with Hajj under this type; however, a new Ihram is made for the Hajj. After coming out of the Ihram of 'Umrah, the Mutamatti' is allowed to do everything that was permitted before going into the state of Ihram.
UMRAH
1) IFRAD
If a Mufrid performs 'Umrah during the months of Hajj (Shawwal, Dhul-Qa'dah & Dhul-Hijjah) prior to the beginning of the Hajj rites proper (8th of Dhul-Hijjah), he is no longer considered a Mufrid. He must now shift to one of the other two types of Hajj, combine 'Umrah along with them and their regulations must instead be followed.
2) QIRAN
For Hajj Qiran, the 'Umrah has to be done within the months of Hajj (Shawwal, Dhul-Qa'dah & the first ten days of Dhul-Hijjah) and completed before beginning the rites of Hajj.
3) TAMATU
The 'Umrah has to be within the months of Hajj and must be completed before beginning the rites of Hajj. After completing 'Umrah, the pilgrim making Hajj Tamattu' must come out of his or her state of Ihram.
TAWAF
1) IFRAD
When he reaches Mecca, he performs Tawaf for his arrival and Sa'i for Hajj known as Tawaf al Qudum (the arrival circuit). It is permissible for him to postpone his Sa'i for Hajj until after his Tawaf for Hajj.
2) QIRAN
When he reaches Mecca, he performs Tawaf for his arrival and Sa'i for Hajj.
3) TAMATU
The Tawaf made for 'Umrah takes the place of the arrival Tawaf (Tawaf al-Qudum). This is then followed by 2 Rak'as Salah near to Ibrahim's station (In case of heavy traffic he may do the Salah anywhere in the general area to avoid causing problems with those making their Tawaf).
TAHALLUL
1) IFRAD
No shaving or clipping hair, as he doesn't disengage from Ihram. Instead, he remains in Ihram till after he stones Jamrah Al-Aqabah on the Eid day.
2) QIRAN
The Qarin should clip his hair after 'Umrah instead of shaving it.
3) TAMATU
The Mutamatti' should clip his hair instead of shaving it to come out of his state of Ihram after completing the 'Umrah part of his pilgrimage.
SACRIFICE
1) IFRAD
May offer an animal sacrifice if he wants to, but he is under no obligation to do so.
2) QIRAN
Must offer an animal sacrifice which he brought along with him from the boundaries known as the Miqat.
3) TAMATU
Must offer an animal sacrifice, but if he is unable to do so, he is required to fast for ten days according to Allah's statement: "But if someone cannot afford a sacrifice, he can fast three days during Hajj and seven row days after returning home. That is ten days in all." [Noble Quran 2:196]
روى مسلم في صحيحه عن ابْنَ عُمَرَ أَنّ رَسُولَ اللّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم كَانَ إِذَا اسْتَوَىَ عَلَىَ بَعِيرِهِ خَارِجاً إِلَىَ سَفَرٍ، كَبّرَ ثَلاَثاً، ثُمّ قَالَ: سُبْحَانَ الّذِي سَخّرَ لَنَا هَذَا وَمَا كُنّا لَهُ مُقْرِنِينَ* وَإِنّا إِلَىَ رَبّنَا لَمُنْقَلِبُونَ. اللّهُمّ إِنّا نَسْأَلُكَ فِي سَفَرِنَا هَذَا الْبِرّ وَالتّقْوَىَ. وَمِنَ الْعَمَلِ مَا تَرْضَىَ. اللّهُمّ هَوّنْ عَلَيْنَا سَفَرَنَا هَذَا. وَاطْوِ عَنّا بُعْدَهُ. اللّهُمّ أَنْتَ الصّاحِبُ فِي السّفَرِ. وَالْخَلِيفَةُ فِي الأَهْلِ. اللّهُمّ إِنّي أَعُوذُ بِكَ مِنْ وَعْثَاءِ السّفَرِ، وَكَآبَةِ الْمَنْظَرِ، وَسُوءِ الْمُنْقَلَبِ، فِي الْمَالِ وَالأَهْلِ". وَإِذَا رَجَعَ قَالَهُنّ. وَزَادَ فِيهِنّ: "آيِبُونَ، تَائِبُونَ، عَابِدُونَ، لِرَبّنَا حَامِدُونَ"
Allahu Akbar, Allahu Akbar, Allahu Akbar, Subhanal-ladhi sakhkharalanahadha wa ma kunna lahumuqrinin. Wa "inna "ila Rabbina la-munqalibun. Allahumma "inna nas'aluka fi safarina hadhal-birrawat-taqwa, wa-minal-'amalima tarda, Allahummahawwin 'alayna safarana hadha watwi 'anna bu'dahu, Allahumma "Antas-sahibufis-safari, wal-khalifatufil-"ahli, Allahumma "inni "a'udhubika min wa'tha"is-safari, waka'abanl-manzari, wasu"il-munqalabifil-maliwal"ahli.
Allah is the Most Great. Allah is the Most Great. Allah is the Most Great. Glory is to Him Who has provided this for us though we could never have had it by our efforts. Surely, unto our Lord we are returning. O Allah, we ask You on this our journey for goodness and piety, and for works that are pleasing to You . O Allah , lighten this journey for us and make its distance easy for us . O Allah, You are our Companion on the road and the One in Whose care we leave our family . O Allah , I seek refuge in You from this journey's hardships, and from the wicked sights in store and from finding our family and property in misfortune upon returning.
1 – When a person has intention to travel, it is mustahabb for him to consult with someone whose religious commitment, experience, knowledge, and trustworthiness he values about travelling during that time. The one who is consulted must be sincere in offering advice and avoid being influenced by their own whims and desires. Allah (swt) says: “and consult them in the affairs” [Aal ‘Imraan 3:159]. The saheeh ahaadeeth tell us that people used to consult the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) with regard to their affairs.
2 – Once he has made a decision to travel, the Sunnah is to seek Allah’s guidance by praying istikhaarah. To perform istikhaarah, one should pray two rak’ahs of non-obligatory prayer, then recite the du’aa’ of istikhaarah.
3 – If a person has decided to travel for Hajj, Umrah, or any other purpose, he should start by repenting from all sins and makrooh actions. He should rectify any wrongs he has done towards people, pay off debts he owes, return entrusted items, and seek forgiveness from those with whom he has dealings. He should write his will, have it witnessed, and appoint someone to settle any unpaid debts. He should also leave sufficient funds for his family to cover their needs until his return.
4 – He should seek to please his parents and those whom he is obliged to honor and obey.
5 – If a person is travelling for Hajj, jihad, or any purpose, he should ensure that his funds are halal. If he goes for Hajj or jihad with wealth acquired unlawfully, he is a sinner, and although his Hajj or jihad may be outwardly valid, it will not be a proper Hajj (Hajj mabroor).
6 – It is mustahabb for a person travelling to take plenty of provisions and money, so he can share with those in need during his journey. Provisions should be halal, as Allah (swt) says: “O you who believe! Spend of the good things which you have (legally) earned...” [al-Baqarah 2:267]. Giving willingly makes it more likely to be accepted.
7 – If travelling for Hajj, jihad, or trade, one should learn how these acts are performed properly. For Hajj, it is advisable to carry a clear book about the rituals and read it often during the journey. Those traveling for jihad should learn the du’aa’s and prohibitions related to it. Traders should learn the rulings on valid and invalid transactions.
8 – It is mustahabb to seek a good companion who desires good and hates evil. A knowledgeable companion is especially valuable. Companions should help each other maintain noble attitudes and view one another with respect.
9 – It is mustahabb to bid farewell to family, neighbors, friends, and loved ones. The traveller should say: “I place your religion, your faithfulness, and the ends of your deeds in the trust of Allah.” Those staying behind should say: “May Allah (swt) bless you with taqwa, forgive your sins, and make goodness easy for you wherever you are.”
10 – The Sunnah when leaving the house is to say: “Bismillaah, tawakkaltu ‘ala Allaah, wa laa hawla wa laa quwwata illa Billaah...”
11 – When getting on one's mount, one should say: “Bismillah...” and recite: “Al-hamdu Lillaah illadhi sakhkhara lana hadha wa ma kunna lahu muqrineen...” Upon returning, the additional words are: “Aayiboona taa'iboona 'aabidoona li rabbina haamidoon.”
12 – It is mustahabb to travel in a group, as the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) said: “If the people knew what I know about being alone, no one would travel alone at night.”
13 – Groups should appoint the wisest person as their leader and obey him. The Prophet (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) said: “When three people set out on a journey, let them appoint one of their number as their leader.”
14 – Travelling at the end of the night is recommended for ease and covering greater distances.
15 – One should maintain a good attitude, avoid arguing, and guard the tongue against foul speech.
16 – Say takbeer when going up a rise and tasbeeh when going down into valleys.
17 – Upon entering a village or town, say: “Allaahumma as’aluka khayraha wa khayra ahliha...”
18 – Make du’aa’ often when travelling, as it is more likely to be answered.
19 – Strive to remain in a state of purity and pray on time. Tayammum and shortening of prayers are concessions for travelers.
20 – When stopping in a place, say: “A’oodhu bi kalimaat Allaah il-taammati min sharri ma khalaq.”
21 – Groups should camp close together, as scattering is discouraged by the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him).
22 – Once a traveller has completed their purpose, they should hasten back to their family. The Prophet (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) said: “Travel is a kind of torment... let him hasten back to his family.”
Meeqat is an Arabic word; it literally means "a confirmed place". It is a place beyond which no Muslim who is intending to perform Hajj or 'Umrah can go towards Makkah without being in a state of Ihram
Meeqat sets the boundaries of the Haram from all directions approaching Makkah. Upon crossing the Meeqat a person should consider it binding upon himself to respect any rules that may apply to him, as he should consider himself having entered the haram upon crossing the Meeqat.
Proceeding in Ihram at the time of crossing the Meeqat is one of the rules binding upon those who enter the haram with the intention of Hajj or Umrah
The Meeqats (places for assuming Ihram) are five: DhulHulaifah, Al-Juhfah, Qarn-ulmanaazil, Yalamlam and DhaatuIrq. They are for those who live there and those who pass by them intending Hajj or 'Umrah. And he whose house is nearer than them to Makkah then he makes Ihram from his house, the people of Makkah making Ihram from Makkah.
Dhul Hulaifah-is the place for the people of Madinah and is a village six or seven miles away - and it is the furthest Meeqat from Makkah -. This miqat is about 9 kilometers from Madinah and about 450 kilometers from Makkah. This miqat is now known as ABIYAR ALI
Al-juhfah- is a village between Madinah and Makkah - about three travel stages away. It is the meeqat for the people of Madinah if they come by this route. IbnTaimiyyah said: "It is the Meeqat for those who make Hajj from the direction of the west, like the people of Shaam (Greater Syria) and Egypt and the rest of the West. And it is today ruined and deserted; therefore the people now go into Ihram before it in the place called "Raabigh". This miqat is about 190 kilometers to the northwest of Makkah.
Qarn Ul Manaaaio - which is also called "Qarn-uth-Tha'aalib" is near Makkah - being a day and night's journey away - and is the Meeqat for the people of Najd. This miqat is a hilly place about 90 kilometers to the east of Makkah.
YALAMLAM- is a place two nights distant from Makkah, thirty miles away and is the Meeqat for the people of Yemen. This miqat is a hilly area about 50 kilometers to the southeast ofMakkah. This is the miqat for the people of Yemen and others coming from that direction. It is the miqat for many of the pilgrims from China, Japan, India, Pakistan who come by ship.
DHAATU IRQ- is a place out in the desert, marking the border between Najd and Tihaamah, being forty-two miles from Makkah. It is the Meeqat for the people of Iraq. This miqat is about 85 kilometers towards the northeast side of Makkah. This is the miqat for the people of Iran, Iraq and for those coming from that direction.
IHRAAM
The literal meaning of Ihram is to make haram (forbidden). When a haji pronounces the Niyyah (intention) of Hajj and Umrah and utters Talbiyah, certain halal (permissible) things become haram for him. These actions together (Niyyah and Talbiyah) are called Ihram. The two sheets that a haji wears are figuratively known as Ihram but the real Ihram is the Niyyah & Talbiyah. If someone wears these two sheets and does not declare his intention and utter Talbiyah, he does not become a Muhrim. That is why, before Niyyah and Talbiyah, he can cover his head during two rakahs of Nafl, an act which is not allowed in the real state of Ihram.Prohibitions of Ihraam
After making intention and Talbiyah, you are in the state of Ihram and from this time on you should not do acts that are forbidden in an Ihram state, for example, here are some of the things a muhrim must not do: Cover head (men), cover face (women) Cover the middle bone of the upper part of the feet (Both men and women) Shave / cut hair Cut nails Wear perfume Wear stitched clothing (men) / (Women can wear their ordinary clothes) Hunting / killing Sex.Procedure
Preparing to be in the state Ihram, Comb your hair, shape the beard, trim your mustache, cut your nails, and remove unwanted body hair. Purification. You should take a bath with the intention of Ihram otherwise do wudu. Here it is noted that there are two ways of purification: Purification of the body, shower or wudu. Internal purification, sincere repentance on your sins. Say something like this: "O Allah, I sincerely repent on my sins and seek your forgiveness." Ihram Sheets. Men should wear a sheet of white cloth around the waist and cover the upper body with the other sheet. Women's ordinary clothes are their Ihram. Both should wear the flip-flops (hawai chappal) so that the middle bones of the upper part of the feet are not covered. Nafl Salah. If it is not makruh (undesirable) time, offer two rakahs of nafl for Ihram by covering your heads. Advice. If going to Jeddah by airplane, it is convenient to get into the status of Ihram inside the plane. Here are the steps you should follow to do this. Do everything at home or at the airport except Niyyah (intention) and Talbiyah. Have your shower, pray two rakahs of nafl but you are still not in the status of ihram because you haven't done the main thing yet, i.e., intention and Talbiyah which are done at or before the boundary line called the Miqat. Go to the airplane and sit down with the white sheets on. In a Hajj flight when you are close to the Miqat, the pilot will announce that this is the border line to make your intention and to say Talbiyah. Those who did not change their clothes before should do so now although it is not convenient inside the plane. Please note that: It is a good idea to ask at the time of boarding if the arrival of Miqat will be announced by the pilot. If not, make your intention and say Talbiyah on your own approximately one hour before you reach Jeddah. If you are flying with a group, follow the instructions of the group leader. Intention and Talbiyah. Now uncover your head and declare your intention. It is assumed that you are performing Hajj al-Tammat'u in which Umrah is performed first as described later in the "Kinds of Hajj". O Allah! I intend to perform Umrah. Please make it easy for me and accept it from me. Amen." Immediately after that, utter the words of Talbiyah three times and as often as possible. If you don't remember it, you can say its translation in English or in any other language but Talbiyah or its translation is pronounced in a loud voice by men and in a subdued voice by women.TALBIYAH
TALBIYAH after ihramJourney towards Makkah. When this sacred journey towards Makkah al-Mukarrama starts, recite Talbiyah frequently on the way. Then enter the city very humbly and with great fondness still reciting Talbiyah. After arranging and settling at your residence, proceed to the Haram Sharif to perform Umrah.
Hajj Preparations On the date of 8th DHULHIJA preparations start after the Maghrib prayer of the 7th of DHULHIJA. All Hajj preparations must be completed during these night hours. Preparations for Ihraam Comb your hair, shape the beard, trim your mustache, cut your nails, and remove unwanted body hair. Bath Take a bath with the intention of Ihram or otherwise do wudu. Ihraam Men should wear a sheet of white cloth around the waist and cover the upper body with the other sheet. Women's ordinary clothes are their Ihram. Both should wear flip-flops so that the middle bones of the upper part of the feet are not covered. Nafl Salah If it is not a makruh (undesirable) time offer two rakahs of nafl for Ihram Intention and Talbiyah Declare your intention saying: "O Allah! I intend to perform Hajj. Please make it easy for me and accept it from me. Amen." Immediately after this utter the words of Talbiyah three times and as often as possible after that. Men should say the Talbiyah in a loud voice but women should say it in a subdued tone. Prohibitions of Ihram From this time the prohibitions of Ihram start. Remember their details and follow the rules. From this point on men cannot cover their heads for the duration of being in Ihram. Departure to Mina After sunrise proceed towards Mina. On the way, pronounce Talbiyah as often as you can and also utter other supplications. But it is ok to follow the procedure of your Mu'allim who usually arranges for hajis to leave for Mina during the night after Isha prayers. In Mina In Mina offer Zuhar, Asr, Maghrib and Isha prayers. Spend that night in Mina and on 9 DHULHIJA, if you already have not left for Arafat offer Fajr prayer there.
Departure for Arafat
Pilgrims should perform Fajr prayer and say Takbir Tashriq (Allah-u Akbar, Allah-u Akbar La Ilaha ill-Allah wa-Allah-u Akbar, Allah-u Akbar wa Lillah-il-hamd) and Talbiyah. Be prepared to reach Arafat by zawal (declining of the sun).
Waquf-e-Arafat
Waquf begins at the start of zawal (declining of the sun) and ends at the sunset. You should spend this time uttering Talbiyah, repenting your sins, seek forgiveness and the mercy of Allah, say Darud Sharif and utter all the supplications (du'as) in Arabic and in your own language. It is better to do Waquf while standing but sitting down is also permitted.
Zuhr and Asr Prayers
In Masjid-e-Namrah, the imam leads Zuhr and Asr prayers, combined and shortened, at Zuhr time with one adhan but separate iqamahs. At other places in Arafat, some people similarly combine these two salats. But it is advisable that away from Masjid-e-Namrah, offer them at their proper times with jama'at as recommended by the most scholars.
Departure for Muzdalifah
At the time of sunset in Arafat, proceed to Muzdalifah without offering Maghrib prayer reciting Zikr and Talbiyah on the way.
Maghrib and Isha Prayers
In Muzdalifah offer Maghrib and Isha prayers together at Isha time. For both prayers there is one adhan and one iqamah. First offer Fard prayer of Maghrib with jama'at. Then say Takbir Tashriq and Talbiyah. Immediately after that offer Fard prayer of Isha with jama'at. Offering Nafl prayer is optional.
Zikr and Du'a
This is a very blessed night in which to glorify Allah, recite Darud Sharif, read Quran, utter Talbiyah and supplicate very humbly. Also take some rest.
Pebbles
Pick up forty-nine pebbles of the size of big grams (chick peas) if Rami is to be performed for three days and seventy if for four days.
Fajr Prayer and Waquf
At Fajr time after two rakah Sunnah, offer Fard prayer with jama'at. Then perform waquf.
Return to Mina
Proceed to Mina when the sun is about to rise or When directed by molim & group leader.
Rami of Jamrah Aqabah
In Mina, stone Jamrah Aqabah with seven pebbles one after the other. Due to the risk to life, the old, weak or sick persons can perform Rami a little before sunset or at night.
Stop Talbiyah
Stop saying Talbiyah when you throw the first pebble. Also don't stop for du'a. Just go to your residence and do Qurbani (animal sacrifice).
Qurbani (Animal Sacrifice)
Three days are designated for Qurbani, i.e., 10, 11 or 12 Zil Hijjah. Qurbani can be done any time during the day or night. It is usually easier to sacrifice an animal on the 11 Zil Hijjah. Do qurbani yourself or ask a trusted person to do it for you.
Halq or Qasr
After Qurbani men should preferably get their whole head shaved (Halq) but it is permissible to cut the hair (Qasr) of their whole head equal in length to a joint of a finger (about an inch). It is also permissible to cut the hair (about an inch) of one fourth of the head. A woman is prohibited to shave her head. She can cut about an inch length of hair of one fourth of her head. But according to some scholars it is sufficient for a woman to have a lock of her hair cut off.
If the sacrifice is postponed till the next two days, Halq or Qasr is also postponed because it comes after the sacrifice.
Halq or Qasr can be done at any time up to the 12 of Zil Hijjah even if the sacrifice is not postponed. After Halq or Qasr all prohibitions of Ihram are lifted except the private relations between husband and wife which are permissible after Tawaf-e-Ziarah.
Halq or Qasr in Mina is a Sunnah. But you are allowed to do it anywhere in Haram. If done outside the precincts of Haram, it requires a Dam.
You have to make sure that Rami, sacrifice and shaving or clipping of the hair are performed in the order in which they are listed otherwise a Dam is required as a penalty.
Tawaf-e-Ziarat
Now perform Tawaf-e-Ziarat. It can be done any time, day or night, from 10 Zil Hijjah to the sunset of 12 Zil Hijjah. Usually it is convenient to do it on 11 Zil Hijjah. Its procedure is similar to that of Tawaf of Umrah and it is essential that you have performed wudu. According to Sunnah this tawaf is to be performed after Rami, sacrifice and shaving or clipping of the hair, and every effort should be made to do that, but the Fard stands even if Tawaf-e-Ziarat is performed prior to all these practices. As mentioned earlier, Halq or Qasr after Qurbani lifts all the prohibitions of Ihram but the private relations between man and wife are permitted only after this Tawaf.
Sa'ee of Hajj
After this perform Sa'ee. Its procedure is the same as that of Sa'ee of Umrah. It is a Sunnah to make sure that your wudu is intact.
Return to Mina
Return back to Mina when Sa'ee is completed and spend the night there.
Rami of Jamrarat
Throw seven pebbles on each of three Jamarat after zawal (decline of the sun). Rami is usually easy to perform a little before sunset and at night. And it is permissible to do Rami at night if there is a risk to life.
Supplicate
Throw seven pebbles at Jamrah Oolah. Then move a little forward. And with your hands raised and facing Qibla, praise Allah (SWT) and recite Arabic du'as or supplicate in your own words. There are no prescribed du'as.
Supplicate
After this throw seven pebbles at Jamrah Wustah. Here too trying to face the Qiblah, praise Allah and earnestly seek his mercy, forgiveness and blessings. No particular du'a is prescribed here.
Do not supplicate
Then throw seven pebbles at Jamrah Aqabah. But this time do not supplicate at all, after Rami just return to your place.
Second chance for Tawaf of Ziarah
If you were unable to do Tawaf-e-Ziarah yesterday, do it today and return to Mina for overnight stay.
Zikr and Ibadah
When at your residence, recite Quran, glorify Allah, repent for your sins and seek forgiveness. Ask Allah(SWT) for whatever you want and don't commit any sins.
Rami of Jamrarat
Throw seven pebbles at each of three Jamarat after zawal (decline of the sun). Rami is usually easier a little before sunset and at night. And it is permissible to do Rami at night if there is a risk to life.
Supplicate
Throw seven pebbles at Jamrah Oolah. Then move a little forward. And with your hands raised and facing Qibla, praise Allah and recite Arabic du'as or supplicate in your own words. There are no prescribed du'as.
Supplicate
After this throw seven pebbles at Jamrah Wustah. And facing the Qiblah, glorify Allah, recite Darud Sharif and supplicate earnestly for whatever you desire. There is no du'a prescribed for this occasion.
Do not supplicate
Then throw seven pebbles at Jamrah Aqabah and come back to your residence without any du'a.
Last chance for Tawaf of Ziarah
If you were unable to do Tawaf-e-Ziarah earlier, it is a must to complete it today before Maghrib.
Tawaf-e-Wida
After Hajj, when you intend to return back to your country from Makkah, it is Wajib (obligatory) to perform Tawaf-e-Wida (Farewell Tawaf). Its procedure is the same as that of a Nafl Tawaf.
Al Masjid Al Haraam
Masjid al-Haram was built around the Kaaba and is the largest mosque in the world. It was first built under the leadership of the Caliph Omar Ibn al-Khattab (634-644) and has been developed continuously under several Muslim rulers. Omar, the first Caliph, ordered the demolition of some houses surrounding the Kaaba in order to accommodate the growing number of pilgrims and built a 1.5 meter high wall to delineate a large prayer area. During the reign of his successor Caliph Uthman Ibn Affan (644-656), the prayer space was made bigger and was covered with a roof carried on wooden columns and arches. In 692, after Caliph Abdul Malik bin Marwan conquered Mecca from Ibn Zubayr, the guardian of the holy site, the outer walls of the mosque were raised, the ceiling was covered with teak and the column capitals were painted in gold. His son, al-Walid (705-715), contributed to the Mosque of al-Haram by replacing the wooden columns with marble ones and by decorating its arches with mosaics. Later, Abbasid Caliph Abu Ja’far al-Mansur (754-775) added mosaics to the columns. He also doubled the size of the northern and western wings of the prayer hall and erected the minaret of Bab al-Umra on the northwest corner. In 777, due to the growing number of pilgrims, Abbasid Caliph al-Mahdi (775-785) ordered the rebuilding of the mosque, demolishing more houses around the Ka’ba. The new mosque enclosure centered on the Kaaba, measured 196 meters by 142 meters. It was built on a grid plan, with marble columns imported from Egypt and Syria, decorated with gilt teak wooden inlay. Al-Mahdi also built three minarets crowned with crenellations and they are placed above Bab al-Salam, Bab Ali and Bab al-Wadi of the mosque.
KabbaThe first Kaaba was constructed by Prophet Ibrahim (peace be upon him) and his son Ismail as a house of worship to the one true God. Allah (the Glorified and Exalted) says in the Quran that this was the first house that was built for humanity to worship Allah (the Glorified and Exalted). Soon after Prophet Ibrahim (peace be upon him) died, people started filling the Kaaba with idols. It was not until Prophet Muhammad (may the blessings and peace of Allah be upon him) defeated the idol-worshippers that the idols inside the Kaaba were destroyed.
Muslims around the world face the direction of the Kaaba during prayers, no matter where they are. This is called facing the Qiblah.
As mentioned in this verse in the Quran, "Verily, We have seen the turning of your (Muhammad's) face towards the heaven. Surely, We shall turn you to a Qiblah (prayer direction) that shall please you, so turn your face in the direction of Masjid al-Haram. And wheresoever you people are, turn your faces (in prayer) in that direction." [2:144]
Located near the Holy Kaaba, Maqam Ibrahim is a highly sacred place for the Muslims of all over the world. This Holy place has a unique historical significance because of its relation with the construction of Holy kaaba, the house of Almighty Allah. Muslims from all over the world visit this place while performing the Holy Pilgrimage of kaaba, offer prayers and seek forgiveness of Almighty Allah.
History of Maqam e IbrahimThe Prophet Ibrahim (May Peace Be Upon Him) stood on this large block stone while he was constructing the Holy Kaaba. Islamic tradition says it was sent from the heavens, the stone used to move around, up and down as per the instructions of Prophet Ibrahim (May peace Be Upon Him), helping the Prophet of Allah to build the walls of Kaaba with the assistance of his son Prophet Ismail (May Peace Be Upon Him). After the completion of Kaaba, the stone was left besides the house of Allah on its Eastern side and remained there till the times of Umar, the second caliphate of the Muslims. It was then moved a bit away, towards the front of Kaaba (present location), as it was obstructing the performance of ‘Tawaf’ during Hajj. An amazing feature about this stone is that even after hundreds of years, the footprints of Prophet Ibrahim (May Peace Be Upon Him) are fresh, visible and identifiable, one of the miracles of Prophet Ibrahim (May Peace Be Upon Him) and a sign of the oneness of Allah(SWT).
MultazamThe Multazam is the area between the Hajar al-Aswad and the Door of the Ka’bah. It is measures at two metres wide and is a place where duas (supplications) are accepted.
It is approximately two metres wide and is a place where du'as (supplications) are accepted.
The Multazam is an area where du’as are accepted. It is a sunnah to hold on to the wall of the Ka’bah in such a manner that a cheek, chest and hands are against the wall. It is reported that Abdullah bin Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) once completed the Tawaf, performed the salah and then kissed the Hajar al-Aswad. Thereafter, he stood between the Hajar al-Aswad and the door of the Ka’bah in such a manner that the cheek, chest and hands were against the wall. He then said, “This is what I saw Rasulullah (peace and blessings of Allah be on him) do.”
Abdullah bin Abbas (may Allah be pleased with him) says, "The signs of acceptance for any du'a made between the Hajar al-Aswad and the door of the Ka'bah will certainly be seen." Mujaahid (may Allah be pleased with him) says, "The area between the Hajar al-Aswad and the door is called the Multazam. Allah will grant a person whatever he asks for there and save him from whatever he seeks refuge from there."
Zamzam WaterLocated within the Masjid Al Haram in Makkah (Saudi Arabia) is the blessed Well of Zamzam. It is situated 20 m (66ft) east of the Kaaba and is the holiest place in Islam. Islamic belief tells us that it is a miraculously generated source of water from God, which began thousands of years ago. Prophet Abraham's (Ibrāhīm) infant son Ishmael (ʼIsmāʻīl) was thirsty and kept crying for water. Millions of pilgrims visit the well each year to drink blessed Zamzam water from this well while performing Hajj or Umrah pilgrimages.
Islamic tradition tells us that the Zamzam Well was revealed to (Hājar), the second wife of Abraham and mother of Ishmael. Allah (SWT) instructed Prophet Ibrahim to leave his wife and son at a place in the desert. After their provisions ran out Hajar was desperately seeking water for her infant son, but she was unable to find any, as Makkah is located in a hot dry valley with few sources of water. Hagar ran seven times back and forth in the scorching heat between the two hills of Safa and Marwah, looking for water. Getting thirstier by the second, the infant Ishmael scraped the land with his feet, where suddenly water sprang out. There are other versions of the story involving God sending his angel, (Jibra'il), who kicked the ground with his heel (or wing), and the water rose. The name of the well comes from the phrase ZomëZomë, meaning "stop flowing", a command repeated by Hagar during her attempt to contain the spring water.
Safa & MarwaSafa and Marwah are the well known for being the two mountains which Hajra (upon her be peace) rushed between seven times to see if she could find any water or anyone from whom she could get some provisions from in order to give to her infant son Ismail (upon him be peace). This action is replicated by millions of pilgrims performing Hajj or Umrah and is act known as Sa’ee. The strip of ground between Safa and Marwah is referred to as the Mas’aa.
Allah (Glorified and Exalted is He) makes mention of the Safa and Marwah mountains in the Quran in Surah Baqarah:"Verily Safa and Marwah are among the landmarks (distinctive signs) of (the Deen of) Allah." [2:158] When Hajra (upon her be peace) was passing through the valley between Safa and Marwah in her search for water she kept her eye on her baby son, Ismail (upon him be peace). However, for part of the valley he was hidden from view and she ran this length. It is in emulation of this action that men are required to rush through the same section of the Mas'aa. The area where she ran is today clearly demarcated by green lighting.
It is well known that the visit of the Prophet (peace be upon him) and give salutations is one of the greatest blessings and best acts of submission. The visitor must also intend to visit the prophet's mosque as we have been told that a prayer at Masjid Al-Nabawi is better than a thousand prayers in other mosques except for Al-Masjid al-Haram. The Messenger of Allah peace be upon him said:
"Journeys are only set out for three mosques: Al-Masjid al-Haram, my mosque and Al-Masjid al-Aqsa".
And Ibn Omar (May Allah be pleased with him) narrated that the messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, said:
"Whoever visits my grave surely will receive my intercession".
While heading towards Madinah, the visitor should send blessings and salutations upon the Prophet (peace be upon him) as much as possible and to ask Allah (swt) to make him get as much reward and blessings from his visit and to accept his deed, and he invokes: (O Allah! Open the gates of Your Mercy for me and grant me with the visit of Your prophet (peace be upon him) what you have granted Your allies and obedient worshippers, and pardon me and have mercy upon me. You are the best Grantor).
It is recommended to have a bath (Ghusl) before he enters Madinah, to wear his cleanest clothes and to summon the honour of Madinah.
When arriving at the door of the Prophet's Mosque (peace be upon him), he should step forward with his right leg first while entering and his left leg when leaving.
He enters and should go to Al-Rawda (the garden) (The area between the pulpit and the tomb has a green carpet, whereas the rest of the mosque has a red carpet). He prays two rak'as, then goes to the prophet's tomb and he stands in front of his honoured face (peace be upon him) at about four cubits (a cubit is 18 inches) from the wall of the honoured tomb, in absolute reverence. Then he salutes without raising his voice, but in a tone between a concealed and an audible voice, out of respect to the Prophet (peace be upon him).
The visitor invokes with all his heart lowering his gaze and voice in calmness and stillness:
"Peace be upon you Messenger of Allah, peace be upon you Prophet of Allah, peace be upon you the dearly loved by Allah, peace be upon you the best blessed among Allah's creatures, peace be upon you the favoured by Allah, peace be upon you chief of Messengers and the seal of the prophets, peace be upon you leader of "al-ghorr al-muhajaleen" (those who have white spots on their foreheads and are white-footed from prayers and ablution), peace be upon you and upon your sincere virtuous family, peace be upon you and upon your chaste wives, mothers of the believers, peace be upon you and upon all your companions, peace be upon you and upon all good servants of Allah. May Allah reward you Messenger of Allah on our behalf as best He rewarded a prophet and a Messenger for his nation, and may Allah send his blessings upon you whenever praisers mention you and unmindful people forget mentioning you. I testify there is no deity but Allah and I testify that you are His slave and Messenger, His faithful trustee and the best among his creatures. I testify that you have delivered the Message, and fulfilled the Trust, and advised the nation and struggled for the sake of Allah in the best way."
(He who doesn't have enough time for that or is unable to memorise the invocation, he may say some parts of the mentioned form)
If anyone entrusted him to salute Allah's Messenger (peace be upon him) he should say: " Greetings to you, Messenger of Allah from so and so, son of so and so".
Then he moves about a cubit to the right and greets Abu Bakr (May Allah be pleased with him) and says : "Peace be upon you the Prophet's Caliph, peace be upon you companion of Allah's Messenger in the cave, peace be upon you his companion in travels, peace be upon you the keeper of his secrets. May Allah reward you for Islam and Muslims. O Allah! I ask You to be pleased with him and be pleased with us for him".
Then he moves about a cubit to the right and greets 'Umar (May Allah be pleased with him) saying: "Peace be upon you the leader of believers, peace be upon you by whom Allah supported this religion. May Allah reward you the best reward for Islam and Muslims. O Allah, I ask You to be pleased with him and be pleased with us for him".
Then he returns to the blessed Rawda (Garden) and prays and invokes as much as possible.
It is highly recommended to go to Al-Baqi' everyday especially on Friday morning after giving salutations to Allah's Messenger (peace be upon him). When a person gets to Al Baqi they should say:
"Peace be upon you the home of the righteous believers, and we are - by Allah's will - your followers. O Allah! Forgive the dwellers of Al-Baqi', O Allah! forgive us and them".
The visitor should pay a visit to Masjid Quba' to pray there as the Prophet (peace be upon him) used to go to Quba' riding and walking, where he used to pray there two rak'as. Preferably, this visit should be on a Saturday (if possible) as the Messenger (peace be upon him) used to go there every Saturday.
It is also advised to visit the martyrs of Uhud on a Thursday, especially the leader of martyrs Hamza(RA), the uncle of the prophet (peace be upon him).
It is recommended to pray all the prayers in Al-Masjid al-Nabawi (the Prophet's mosque). Abu Hurairah (may Allah be pleased with him) reported that the prophet (peace be upon him) said:
(A prayer in this mosque of mine is better than a thousand prayers in other mosques except for al Masjid Al-Haram).
It is recommended for the visitor when he wants to depart and travel to take leave of the Prophet's mosque by performing two rak'as and praying for what he likes then he comes to the Noble Prophets Presence (Al Hadra al-Sharifah), pays salutations as he has been doing with each visit and invokes with insistence, whole heartedly and earnestly as he says farewell to the Prophet (peace be upon him) saying: "O Allah! Do not make this visit the last one to the Haram of Your Messenger (peace be upon him) and make my return to the two holy mosques an easy way by Your favor and grace, grant me pardon, good health and protection in this world and in the Hereafter and return us safely, sound and prosperous to our countries". And he says: "Not saying farewell Messenger of Allah".
Hajj is similar to Umrah but is performed at specific times during the year. Unlike Umrah, Hajj rituals are longer and more detailed. Here are the key steps of Hajj:
Hajj is an important pilgrimage that every Muslim must perform once in a lifetime, if able. Our Hajj Packages 2025 are tailored to meet all your needs and requirements.
