Umrah Guide

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Umrah Guide

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Umrah guide at a glance

  • Make Intention
  • Wear Ihram
  • Say Dua at the first sight of Kaaba
  • Complete Tawaf (7 circuits of Kaaba)
  • Read 2 Rakat at Maqam-e-Ibrahim
  • Drink Zamzam
  • Do Saee (7 times from Safa to Marwa; one complete round includes both directions)
  • Make Dua
  • Finally:
    • Men: Shave or cut hair from all around the head
    • Women: Cut the length of a fingertip of hair

Umrah and its importance

In Islam performing Umrah is an important act of Worship of Allah. Umrah is not compulsory. it is a highly recommended act based on the Quran and the Sunnah. The Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) said;

العُمْرَۃُ إلي الْعُمْرۃِکَفَّارَہٌ لِمَا بَيْنَھُمَا، وَالْحَجِّ الْمَبْرُ وْر لَيَسَ لہ جَزَا إلْا الْجَنَّۃ :البخاری والمسلم

Umrah is expiation for the sins committed between it and the previous Umrah, And The reward of Hajj Al Mabroor is nothing but Paradise. (Bukhari and Muslim).

The rewards of performing the Umrah are enormous, which can be sourced in the Quran and of course, from the Traditions of the Holy Prophet PBUH. There are many virtues for the ones who perform Hajj or Umrah correctly. Hazrat Abu Hurairah reported it is one of the best deeds for a muslim to do: the Prophet PBUH was asked about good deeds. He PBUH said the struggle to the utmost which is Jihad. He inquired again, for what is the next best thing? He PBUH replied: the accepted Hajj and Umrah.

Supplication for travel

روى مسلم في صحيحه عن ابْنَ عُمَرَ أَنّ رَسُولَ اللّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم كَانَ إِذَا اسْتَوَىَ عَلَىَ بَعِيرِهِ خَارِجاً إِلَىَ سَفَرٍ، كَبّرَ ثَلاَثاً، ثُمّ قَالَ: سُبْحَانَ الّذِي سَخّرَ لَنَا هَذَا وَمَا كُنّا لَهُ مُقْرِنِينَ* وَإِنّا إِلَىَ رَبّنَا لَمُنْقَلِبُونَ. اللّهُمّ إِنّا نَسْأَلُكَ فِي سَفَرِنَا هَذَا الْبِرّ وَالتّقْوَىَ. وَمِنَ الْعَمَلِ مَا تَرْضَىَ. اللّهُمّ هَوّنْ عَلَيْنَا سَفَرَنَا هَذَا. وَاطْوِ عَنّا بُعْدَهُ. اللّهُمّ أَنْتَ الصّاحِبُ فِي السّفَرِ. وَالْخَلِيفَةُ فِي الأَهْلِ. اللّهُمّ إِنّي أَعُوذُ بِكَ مِنْ وَعْثَاءِ السّفَرِ، وَكَآبَةِ الْمَنْظَرِ، وَسُوءِ الْمُنْقَلَبِ، فِي الْمَالِ وَالأَهْلِ". وَإِذَا رَجَعَ قَالَهُنّ. وَزَادَ فِيهِنّ: "آيِبُونَ، تَائِبُونَ، عَابِدُونَ، لِرَبّنَا حَامِدُونَ"

Allahu Akbar, Allahu Akbar, Allahu Akbar, Subhanal-ladhi sakhkharalanahadha wa ma kunna lahumuqrinin. Wa "inna "ila Rabbina la-munqalibun. Allahumma "inna nas'aluka fi safarina hadhal-birrawat-taqwa, wa-minal-'amalima tarda, Allahummahawwin 'alayna safarana hadha watwi 'anna bu'dahu, Allahumma "Antas-sahibufis-safari, wal-khalifatufil-"ahli, Allahumma "inni "a'udhubika min wa'tha"is-safari, waka'abanl-manzari, wasu"il-munqalabifil-maliwal"ahli.

Allah is the Most Great. Allah is the Most Great. Allah is the Most Great. Glory is to Him Who has provided this for us though we could never have had it by our efforts. Surely, unto our Lord we are returning. O Allah, we ask You on this our journey for goodness and piety, and for works that are pleasing to You . O Allah , lighten this journey for us and make its distance easy for us . O Allah, You are our Companion on the road and the One in Whose care we leave our family . O Allah , I seek refuge in You from this journey's hardships, and from the wicked sights in store and from finding our family and property in misfortune upon returning.

Meeqat

Meeqat is an Arabic word; it literally means "a confirmed place." It is a place beyond which no Muslim who is intending to perform Hajj or 'Umrah can go towards Makkah without being in a state of Ihram.

Meeqat sets the boundaries of the Haram from all directions approaching Makkah. Upon crossing the Meeqat, a person should consider it binding upon himself to respect any rules that may apply to him, as he should consider himself having entered the Haram upon crossing the Meeqat.

Proceeding in Ihram at the time of crossing the Meeqat is one of the rules binding upon those who enter the Haram with the intention of Hajj or Umrah.

The Five Meeqats

The Meeqats (places for assuming Ihram) are five: Dhul Hulaifah, Al-Juhfah, Qarn-ulmanaazil, Yalamlam, and Dhaatu Irq. They are for those who live there and those who pass by them intending Hajj or 'Umrah. For those whose houses are nearer than these to Makkah, they make Ihram from their house, while the people of Makkah make Ihram from Makkah.

  • Dhul Hulaifah (Abiyar Ali):

    The place for the people of Madinah, located six or seven miles away, making it the furthest Meeqat from Makkah. It is about 9 kilometers from Madinah and 450 kilometers from Makkah.

  • Al-Juhfah:

    A village between Madinah and Makkah, about three travel stages away. It is the Meeqat for people of the west (Shaam, Egypt, etc.). Currently, "Raabigh" is used as the Meeqat. It is located about 190 kilometers northwest of Makkah.

  • Qarn Ul Manaazil:

    Also known as "Qarn-uth-Tha'aalib," this Meeqat is near Makkah, a day and night's journey away. It is a hilly area about 90 kilometers east of Makkah and serves as the Meeqat for the people of Najd.

  • Yalamlam:

    A place two nights distant from Makkah, about 50 kilometers to the southeast. This Meeqat is for the people of Yemen and pilgrims from China, Japan, India, and Pakistan arriving by ship.

  • Dhaatu Irq:

    A desert location marking the border between Najd and Tihaamah, about 85 kilometers northeast of Makkah. It serves as the Meeqat for the people of Iraq, Iran, and others coming from that direction.

The prohibition of Ihram

There are things which are forbidden in the state of Ihram. These are:

  • Hunting the land animal.
  • Sexual intercourse.
  • Marriage.
  • Using perfume.
  • For men only: wearing the sewn clothes.
  • Applying kohl on the eyes.
  • For men only: wearing shoes or socks.
  • Cursing other people.
  • Quarreling with others.
  • Killing the insects.
  • Using cosmetics.
  • Applying oil on the body.
  • Getting rid of the bodily hair.
  • For men only: covering the head. (Even submerging the head in a body of water is not allowed, for both men as well as women.)
  • For women: covering the face.
  • Causing blood to come out of one’s body.
  • Clipping the nails.
  • Pulling out the teeth.
  • Carrying arms.

Recommendations before putting on the Ihram before meeqat

  • To clean one’s body, clip the nails, and get rid of the hair in the armpits and the pubic area.
  • To do the major ritual ablution (ghusl) for ihram with the sincere intention of pleasing the Almighty.
  • To put on perfume.
  • To put on the two pieces of ihram garment, which consist of:
    • An extra-large size sheet tied from the waist going downwards.
    • Another sheet placed over the shoulders. Men should put this on before the niyyat and the talbiyyah.
  • As far as the women are concerned, they may assume ihram by using their normal clothing.

Fard & wajib Acts of Umrah

There are three acts that are Fardh in Umrah:

  • Intention/Niyyah: Assume the Ihram clothing, make intention, and recite Talbiyah.
  • Perform Tawaf: Circle around the Holy Ka’ba.
  • Perform Sa’ee: Walk between the Safa and Marwah Hills.

Intention for Umrah

AllahummaInneeUreedul ‘Umratafayassirha Lee WaTaqabbalhaminnee

Translation: O Allah! I make the intention of Umrah, You make this easy for me and accept it.

It is Wajib to recite the Talbiya once along with the intention of Umrah, and it is Mustahab to recite it thrice. Men should recite it loudly, and women softly.

LabbaikAllahummaLabbaik, Labbaik La ShareekaLakaLabbaik. InnalHamda wan Ni’mataLakaWalMulk.LaShareekaLaka.

After reciting the Talbiya, other Dhikr, Tasbeeh of Allah (SubhanahuWaTa’ala), and Durud and Salaam on the Holy Prophet (Sallallahualaihiwasallam) should be recited. One should supplicate with utmost humility and with tears in the eyes, in whatever language we can.

Tawaf of Umrah

Tawaf means circling around something. Here it means moving around Ka’bah seven times with extreme love and devotion.

  • Preparation: Pass the upper sheet of Ihram from underneath the right arm and put it on the left shoulder. This act bares the right shoulder and is known as Iztaba. Ablutions (vudu) is essential for tawaf. Reciting of Talbiyah is stopped when you reach Hajar-e-Aswad, the starting point of tawaf.
  • Niyyah (Intention): Stand in front of Ka’bah facing Hajar-e-Aswad (the Black Stone) in such a way that the whole Hajre-e-Aswad is on your right side. To achieve this end, you may get help from the black stripe on the floor. This stripe should be on your right side. Then without raising your hands make Niyyah (intention) for Umrah:
    "O Allah, I perform Tawaf of Umrah to please You. Make it easy for me and accept it from me."
  • Istilam: Now moving towards right, come in front of Hajar-e-Aswad and kiss it if possible, or touch it with a stick and kiss the stick; if that also is not possible, raise your hands to your ears keeping your open palms towards Hajre-e-Aswad and say:
    "Bismillahi Allahu Akbar Wa Lilla Hil Hamd"
    Drop your hands down, then point your palms again towards Hajar-e-Aswad and kiss them. This act is called Istilam.
  • Tawaf Starts: After Istilam, turn right and start tawaf counter-clockwise.
    • Warning: Authorities often apply perfume to Hajar-e-Aswad, Rukn Yamani, and Multazam. If so, do not touch them while in Ihram, otherwise a dum will be required as a penalty.
    • During tawaf, it is not permissible to face or turn your back towards Ka’bah except when kissing or pointing towards Hajar-e-Aswad.
  • Ramal: For the first three circuits of Tawaf of Umrah and Tawaf of Arrival, men are required to move their shoulders and walk with quick short steps (Ramal). They walk normally during the remaining four circuits.
  • Supplications of Tawaf: There are no fixed supplications for tawaf but the following is recommended:
    "Subhan-Allah wal-hamdu-lillahi wa la ilaha ill-Allah wa-Allahu Akbar wa la haula wa la quwwata illa-billah."
    You may also glorify Allah with phrases like: "Subhan Allah," "Al-Hamdu lilla," "Allahu Akbar," "La Ilaha Illallah."
  • Hatim: Go around the semi-circular Hatim as it is part of the Ka’bah.
  • Rukn Yamani: Touch Rukn Yamani with both hands or the right hand and recite:
    "Rabbana atina fid-dunya hasanatan wa fil-akhirati hasanatan wa qina azabin-nar."
  • Seven Circuits: Repeat Istilam and complete seven circuits around the Ka’bah.
  • The End of Tawaf: At the end of seven circuits, perform Istilam a final eighth time as Sunnah Mu’akidah.
  • Iztaba Finished: Cover both shoulders with the Ihram sheet. This does not apply to women.
  • Multazam: Cling to the area between Hajar-e-Aswad and the Ka’bah door (Multazam) and supplicate with utmost humility.
  • Maqam Ibrahim: Offer two rakahs of nafls behind Maqam Ibrahim. Recite Surah Kafiroon in the first rakah and Surah Ikhlas in the second.
  • Zamzam: Drink Zamzam water while standing and supplicate:
    "Allahummah inni as’aluka ilm-an naafi’an wa rizqan waasi’an wa shifa’am min kulli daa’in."

Sa’ee

The literal meaning of Sa’ee is to run or to make effort, but as a Hajj and Umrah term, Sa’ee is performed by walking back and forth seven times between the hills of Safa and Marwah which are located to the south and north of the Kaaba respectively. There are now only signs of these hills and the whole route between them is enclosed in a long gallery. Sa’ee has a historical background. Prophet Abraham (AS) left his wife Hazrat Hajra and infant son Hazrat Ismael in the wilderness of Makkah by the command of Allah. Both mother and son lived for five days on the food and water they had until the water was completely finished. The mother ran frantically seven times between the hills of Safa and Marwah in search of water for her son. Suddenly the fountain of Zamzam gushed miraculously near the feet of Hazrat Ismael. Sa’ee is included in the rites of Hajj and Umrah to commemorate this event of search and struggle.

How to perform Sa'ee

Istilam of Hajar-e-Aswad

Before starting Sa’ey, do Istilam of Hajar-e-Aswad again the ninth time or point towards it, saying:

"Bismillahi Allahu Akbar Wa Lillah Hil Hamad."

Now proceed towards Safa. It is a Sunnah to be in the state of ablutions during Sa’ey.

Start of Sa’ey at Safa

Climb the hill of Safa and make intention (niyyah) for Sa’ey:

"O Allah! I perform Sa’ey between Safa and Marwah to please You.
Make it easy for me
and accept it from me."

Now recite:

"Inn-as-Safa wal-Marwah min Sha’a’irillah."
(Al-Qur’an 2:158)
(Indeed Safa and Marwah are among the Signs of Allah.)

After this, climb Safa to the point from where you can see the Ka’bah. Then facing the Ka’bah, raise your hands in supplication, say Allahu Akbar three times, and recite the following or ask Allah whatever you wish:

"La ilaha ill-Allahu wahdahu la Sharika lahu, lahul-mulku wa lahul-hamdu wa ‘ala kulli shai’in Qadeer."

If you don’t remember this, you may use the supplication recited earlier during Tawaf:

"Bismillahi Allahu Akbar Wa Lillah Hill Hamd."
Proceed Towards Marwah

Come down from Safa and move towards Marwah while reciting this supplication:

"Subhan-Allah wal-hamdu-lillahi wa la ilaha ill-Allah wa-Allahu Akbar wa la haula wa la quwwata illa-billa."

If you don’t remember this supplication, recite Subhan Allah, Alhamdu Lillah, Allahu Akbar repeatedly and keep moving. You may also praise Allah and ask for His mercy in your language or use supplications taken from the daily Salah. Men should run between the two green pillars, while women walk at a normal pace.

At Marwah

When on top of Marwah, praise Allah facing the Ka’bah and repeat the same supplications that were recited at Safa. One trip is over; the second trip will start at Safa, and the third trip will end at Marwah.

End of Sa’ey

In the same way, the seventh trip will end at Marwah. Men will run between the green pillars during all trips, but women will walk normally. After completing the seventh trip:

  • Offer two raka’ats of nafl in Al-Haram if it is not a Makrooh time.
  • Men should shave or clip their hair. Shaving is preferable but clipping is also permissible.
  • Women should clip a small lock of their hair.
Umrah is Complete

After cutting the hair, the Umrah is complete. The restrictions of Ihram are lifted, and you can wear everyday clothes and lead a normal life. Be thankful to Allah for providing the opportunity to perform Umrah and strive to live according to His commands.

Nafl Tawaf

You may perform Umrah as often as you want according to the above procedure. And if you want to perform just a nafl Tawaf, follow the same procedure, however, in a nafl Tawaf there is no Ihram, no Ramal, no Iztaba and even no Saee.

About Haraam (Al Masjid ul Haraam)

Masjid al-Haram was built around the Kaaba and is the largest mosque in the world. It was first built under the leadership of the Caliph Omar Ibn al-Khattab (634-644) and has been developed continuously under several Muslim rulers. Omar, the first Caliph, ordered the demolition of some houses surrounding the Kaaba in order to accommodate the growing number of pilgrims and built a 1.5 meter high wall to delineate a large prayer area. -During the reign of his successor Caliph Uthman Ibn Affan (644-656), the prayer space was made bigger and was covered with a roof carried on wooden columns and arches. In 692, after Caliph Abdul Malik bin Marwan conquered Mecca from Ibn Zubayr, the guardian of the holy site, the outer walls of the mosque were raised, the ceiling was covered with teak and the column capitals were painted in gold. His son, al-Walid (705-715), contributed to the Mosque of al-Haram by replacing the wooden columns with marble ones and by decorating its arches with mosaics. Later, Abbasid Caliph Abu Ja’far al-Mansur (754-775) added mosaics to the columns. He also doubled the size of the northern and western wings of the prayer hall and erected the minaret of Bab al-Umra on the northwest corner. In 777, due to the growing number of pilgrims, Abbasid Caliph al-Mahdi (775-785) ordered the rebuilding of the mosque, demolishing more houses around the Ka’ba. The new mosque enclosure centered on the Kaaba, measured 196 meters by 142 meters. It was built on a grid plan, with marble columns imported from Egypt and Syria, decorated with gilt teak wooden inlay. Al-Mahdi also built three minarets crowned with crenellations and they are placed above Bab al-Salam, Bab Ali and Bab al-Wadi of the mosque.

Kaaba

The first Kaaba was constructed by Prophet Ibrahim (peace be upon him) and his son Ismail as a house of worship to the one true God. Allah (the Glorified and Exalted) says in the Quran that this was the first house that was built for humanity to worship Allah (the Glorified and Exalted). Soon after Prophet Ibrahim (peace be upon him) died, people started filling the Kaaba with idols. It was not until Prophet Muhammad (may the blessings and peace of Allah be upon him) defeated the idol-worshippers that the idols inside the Kaaba were destroyed. Muslims around the world face the direction of the Kaaba during prayers, no matter where they are. This is called facing the Qiblah. As mentioned in this verse in the Quran, “Verily, We have seen the turning of your (Muhammad’s) face towards the heaven. Surely, We shall turn you to a Qiblah (prayer direction) that shall please you, so turn your face in the direction of Masjid al-Haram. And wheresoever you people are, turn your faces (in prayer) in that direction.” [2:144]

Maqam e Ibrahim

Located near the Holy Kaaba, Maqam Ibrahim is a highly sacred place for the Muslims of all over the world. This Holy place has a unique historical significance because of its relation with the construction of Holy kaaba, the house of Almighty Allah. Muslims from all over the world visit this place while performing the Holy Pilgrimage of kaaba, offer prayers and seek forgiveness of Almighty Allah.

History of Maqam e Ibrahim

The Prophet Ibrahim (May Peace Be Up on Him) stood on this large block stone while he was constructing the Holy Kaaba. Islamic tradition says it was sent from the heavens, the stone used to move around, up and down as per the instructions of Prophet Ibrahim (May peace Be Upon Him), helping the Prophet of Allah to build the walls of Kaaba with the assistance of his son Prophet Ismail (May Peace Be Up on Him). After the completion of Kaaba, the stone was left besides the house of Allah on its Eastern side and remained there till the times of Umar, the second caliphate of the Muslims. It was then moved a bit away, towards the front of Kaaba (present location), as it was obstructing the performance of ‘Tawaf’ during Hajj. An amazing feature about this stone is that even after hundreds of years, the footprints of Prophet Ibrahim (May Peace Be Up on Him) are fresh, visible and identifiable, one of the miracles of Prophet Ibrahim (May Peace Be Up on Him) and a sign of the oneness of Allah(SWT).

Multazam

The Multazam is the area between the Hajar al-Aswad and the Door of the Ka’bah. It is measures at two metres wide and is a place where duas (supplications) are accepted.

The Multazam is an area where du’as are accepted. It is a sunnah to hold on to the wall of the Ka’bah in such a manner that a cheek, chest and hands are against the wall. It is reported that Abdullah bin Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) once completed the Tawaf, performed the salah and then kissed the Hajar al-Aswad. Thereafter, he stood between the Hajar al-Aswad and the door of the Ka’bah in such a manner that the cheek, chest and hands were against the wall. He then said, “This is what I saw Rasulullah (peace and blessings of Allah be on him) do.”

Abdullah bin Abbas (may Allah be pleased with him) says, “The signs of acceptance for any du’a made between the Hajar al-Aswad and the door of the Ka’bah will certainly be seen.”

Mujaahid (may Allah be pleased with him) says, “The area between the Hajar al-Aswad and the door is called the Multazam. Allah will grant a person whatever he asks for there and save him from whatever he seeks refuge from there.”

Zamzam Water

Located within the Masjid Al Haram in Makkah (Saudi Arabia) is the blessed Well of Zamzam. It is situated 20 m (66ft) east of the Kaaba and is the holiest place in Islam. Islamic belief tells us that it is a miraculously generated source of water from God, which began thousands of years ago. Prophet Abraham's (Ibrāhīm) infant son Ishmael (ʼIsmāʻīl) was thirsty and kept crying for water. Millions of pilgrims visit the well each year to drink blessed Zamzam water from this well while performing Hajj or Umrah pilgrimages.

Islamic tradition tells us that the Zamzam Well was revealed to (Hājar), the second wife of Abraham and mother of Ishmael. Allah (SWT) instructed Prophet Ibrahim to leave his wife and son at a place in the desert. After their provisions ran out Hajar was desperately seeking water for her infant son, but she was unable to find any, as Makkah is located in a hot dry valley with few sources of water. Hagar ran seven times back and forth in the scorching heat between the two hills of Safa and Marwah, looking for water. Getting thirstier by the second, the infant Ishmael scraped the land with his feet, where suddenly water sprang out. There are other versions of the story involving God sending his angel, (Jibra'il), who kicked the ground with his heel (or wing), and the water rose. The name of the well comes from the phrase ZomëZomë, meaning "stop flowing", a command repeated by Hagar during her attempt to contain the spring water.

Abraham rebuilt the House of Allah near the site of the well, a building which had been originally constructed by Adam and is known as the Kaaba, a building toward which Muslims around the globe face in prayer, five times each day.

Safa and Marwah are the two mountains between which Hajra (upon her be peace) rushed seven times to see if she could spot any water or anyone from whom she could get some in order to give to her infant Ismail (upon him be peace). This action is copied by all pilgrims performing Hajj or Umrah and is known as Sa’ee. The strip of ground between Safa and Marwah is referred to as the Mas’aa.

Safa & Marwa

Safa and Marwah

Safa and Marwah are well known for being the two mountains which Hajra (upon her be peace) rushed between seven times to see if she could find any water or anyone from whom she could get some provisions to give to her infant son Ismail (upon him be peace). This action is replicated by millions of pilgrims performing Hajj or Umrah and is an act known as Sa’ee. The strip of ground between Safa and Marwah is referred to as the Mas’aa.

Allah (Glorified and Exalted is He) mentions both Safa and Marwah mountains in the Quran in Surah Baqarah:

“Verily Safa and Marwah are among the landmarks (distinctive signs) of (the Deen of) Allah.” [2:158]

When Hajra (upon her be peace) was passing through the valley between Safa and Marwah in her search for water, she kept her eye on her baby son, Ismail (upon him be peace). However, for part of the valley, he was hidden from view, and she ran this length. It is in emulation of this action that men are required to rush through the same section of the Mas’aa. The area where she ran is today clearly demarcated by green lighting.

Historical Narrations

Abdullah bin Abbas (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates that the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be on him) climbed up Mount Safa when Allah (Glorified and Exalted is He) revealed the verse in Surah Shu’ara:

“And warn your tribe (O Muhammad) of near kindred.” [26:214]

After ascending the Safa mountain, he shouted: “Ya Sabahah!” (an Arabic expression when one appeals for help or draws the attention of others to some danger). When the people of Makkah had gathered around him, the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be on him) said to them:

“If I told you that horsemen were advancing to attack you from the valley on the other side of this mountain, will you believe me?”
“Yes,” they replied, “We have always found you truthful.”

The Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be on him) then said:

“I am a plain warner to you of a coming severe punishment.”

After this vivid analogy, the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be on him) asked them to save themselves by declaring that Allah was one and that he, Muhammad, was His messenger. He tried to make them understand that if they clung to polytheism and rejected the message he had brought to them, they would face Allah’s punishment. Abu Lahab (his uncle) said:

“May you perish! You gathered us only for this reason?”

Then Abu Lahab went away. Upon this, ‘Surah al-Lahab’ (Perish the hands of Abu Lahab!) was revealed.

Prophet's Actions After Conquering Makkah

After conquering Makkah, the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be on him) went to the Hajar al-Aswad and started performing Tawaaf. After completing the Tawaf, the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be on him) climbed Mount Safa, faced towards the Ka’bah, and after praising Allah, started making du’aa. It was from here that he announced to the local Makkans:

“Whoever enters the house of Abu Sufyaan has amnesty, and whoever closes the door of his house has amnesty.”

Abu Sufyaan’s (may Allah be pleased with him) house was situated close to Marwah.

The significance and virtue of visiting majid nabwi

It is well known that the visit of the Prophet (peace be upon him) and give salutations is one of the greatest blessings and best acts of submission. The visitor must also intend to visit the prophet's mosque as we have been told that a prayer at Masjid Al-Nabawi is better than a thousand prayers in other mosques except for Al-Masjid al-Haram. The Messenger of Allah peace be upon him said:

"Journeys are only set out for three mosques: Al-Masjid al-Haram, my mosque and Al-Masjid al-Aqsa".

And Ibn Omar (May Allah be pleased with him) narrated that the messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, said:

"Whoever visits my grave surely will receive my intercession".

Etiquette of the visit

While heading towards Madinah, the visitor should send blessings and salutations upon the Prophet (peace be upon him) as much as possible and to ask Allah (swt) to make him get as much reward and blessings from his visit and to accept his deed, and he invokes: (O Allah! Open the gates of Your Mercy for me and grant me with the visit of Your prophet (peace be upon him) what you have granted Your allies and obedient worshippers, and pardon me and have mercy upon me. You are the best Grantor).

It is recommended to have a bath (Ghusl) before he enters Madinah, to wear his cleanest clothes and to summon the honour of Madinah.

When arriving at the door of the Prophet's Mosque (peace be upon him), he should step forward with his right leg first while entering and his left leg when leaving.

He enters and should go to Al-Rawda (the garden) (The area between the pulpit and the tomb has a green carpet, whereas the rest of the mosque has a red carpet). He prays two rak'as, then goes to the prophet's tomb and he stands in front of his honoured face (peace be upon him) at about four cubits (a cubit is 18 inches) from the wall of the honoured tomb, in absolute reverence. Then he salutes without raising his voice, but in a tone between a concealed and an audible voice, out of respect to the Prophet (peace be upon him).

The visitor invokes with all his heart lowering his gaze and voice in calmness and stillness:

"Peace be upon you Messenger of Allah, peace be upon you Prophet of Allah, peace be upon you the dearly loved by Allah, peace be upon you the best blessed among Allah's creatures, peace be upon you the favoured by Allah, peace be upon you chief of Messengers and the seal of the prophets, peace be upon you leader of "al-ghorr al-muhajaleen" (those who have white spots on their foreheads and are white-footed from prayers and ablution), peace be upon you and upon your sincere virtuous family, peace be upon you and upon your chaste wives, mothers of the believers, peace be upon you and upon all your companions, peace be upon you and upon all good servants of Allah. May Allah reward you Messenger of Allah on our behalf as best He rewarded a prophet and a Messenger for his nation, and may Allah send his blessings upon you whenever praisers mention you and unmindful people forget mentioning you. I testify there is no deity but Allah and I testify that you are His slave and Messenger, His faithful trustee and the best among his creatures. I testify that you have delivered the Message, and fulfilled the Trust, and advised the nation and struggled for the sake of Allah in the best way."

(He who doesn't have enough time for that or is unable to memorise the invocation, he may say some parts of the mentioned form)

If anyone entrusted him to salute Allah's Messenger (peace be upon him) he should say: " Greetings to you, Messenger of Allah from so and so, son of so and so".

Then he moves about a cubit to the right and greets Abu Bakr (May Allah be pleased with him) and says : "Peace be upon you the Prophet's Caliph, peace be upon you companion of Allah's Messenger in the cave, peace be upon you his companion in travels, peace be upon you the keeper of his secrets. May Allah reward you for Islam and Muslims. O Allah! I ask You to be pleased with him and be pleased with us for him".

Then he moves about a cubit to the right and greets 'Umar (May Allah be pleased with him) saying: "Peace be upon you the leader of believers, peace be upon you by whom Allah supported this religion. May Allah reward you the best reward for Islam and Muslims. O Allah, I ask You to be pleased with him and be pleased with us for him".

Then he returns to the blessed Rawda (Garden) and prays and invokes as much as possible.

Visiting Al-Baqi,' the martyrs of Uhud and Masjid Quba'

It is highly recommended to go to Al-Baqi' everyday especially on Friday morning after giving salutations to Allah's Messenger (peace be upon him). When a person gets to Al Baqi they should say:

"Peace be upon you the home of the righteous believers, and we are - by Allah's will - your followers. O Allah! Forgive the dwellers of Al-Baqi', O Allah! Forgive us and them".

The visitor should pay a visit to Masjid Quba' to pray there as the Prophet (peace be upon him) used to go to Quba' riding and walking, where he used to pray there two rak'as. Preferably, this visit should be on a Saturday (if possible) as the Messenger (peace be upon him) used to go there every Saturday.

It is also advised to visit the martyrs of Uhud on a Thursday, especially the leader of martyrs Hamza(RA), the uncle of the prophet (peace be upon him).

Praying in Madinah

It is recommended to pray all the prayers in Al-Masjid al-Nabawi (the Prophet's mosque). Abu Hurairah (may Allah be pleased with him) reported that the prophet (peace be upon him) said:

(A prayer in this mosque of mine is better than a thousand prayers in other mosques except for al Masjid Al-Haram).

Leaving Madinah and travelling

It is recommended for the visitor when he wants to depart and travel to take leave of the Prophet's mosque by performing two rak'as and praying for what he likes then he comes to the Noble Prophets Presence (Al Hadra al-Sharifah), pays salutations as he has been doing with each visit and invokes with insistence, whole heartedly and earnestly as he says farewell to the Prophet (peace be upon him) saying: "O Allah! Do not make this visit the last one to the Haram of Your Messenger (peace be upon him) and make my return to the two holy mosques an easy way by Your favor and grace, grant me pardon, good health and protection in this world and in the Hereafter and return us safely, sound and prosperous to our countries". And he says: "Not saying farewell Messenger of Allah".

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Umrah Rituals at a Glance

Umrah is similar to Hajj but can be performed at any time. Unlike Hajj, Umrah rituals are shorter and simpler. These are the essential steps of Umrah:

  • Enter into Ihram (state of purity and devotion) by washing your body and wearing the Ihram garments.
  • Recite the Talbiyah at the miqat station to declare intention to make the pilgrimage.
  • Travel to Makkah
  • Enter Al Masjid Al Haram (Holy Mosque) and perform Tawaf – circling the Kaba seven times in a counterclockwise direction.
    Perform Sa’ai – walking 7 times between the hills of Safa and Marwah beside the Kaba.
  • At the end of Umrah, men come out of ihram by shaving their head (taqseer) or trimming.
  • Completing Umrah for women requires cutting off a short lock of hair.


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